Theft, Fraud, and Possession Lawyers
in Calgary & Edmonton, Alberta

The dividing line is the value of what was allegedly taken, based on fair market value. Theft under $5,000 is a hybrid offence carrying up to two years on indictment; theft over $5,000 is treated as an indictable offence carrying up to ten years. If several smaller amounts are part of one scheme— ongoing workplace theft, for example—their values can be added together to cross the $5,000 threshold.

No. There's no mandatory minimum for theft, so outcomes range widely—from a discharge or probation to custody in more serious cases. A first offence, returning the property or making restitution, and genuine remorse can all weigh in your favour, while a breach of trust (such as stealing from an employer) tends to push a sentence upward. The specifics of your case drive the result.

Only a conviction does—and a charge is not a conviction. Theft and fraud are "crimes of dishonesty," so a record can be especially damaging for employment, professional licensing, and travel to the U.S. Because of that, a common goal in these cases is resolving the matter without a conviction where possible, through a strong defence or a negotiated outcome.

They're distinct offences. Theft is taking property without permission. Fraud involves deceit—obtaining property or money by deception. Robbery is theft combined with violence or the threat of it, and is treated far more seriously. Being charged with the more serious offence when the facts support a lesser one is exactly the kind of issue a defence lawyer looks to challenge.

"Shoplifting" isn't actually a legal term; it's usually charged as theft under $5,000. It can feel minor, but a conviction still creates a permanent criminal record with real consequences. First-time, lower-value cases can often be resolved favourably—sometimes without a record—but that outcome is far more likely with early legal advice than without it. Call us, and we'll walk you through your options.